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ECN publication
Title:
Kansen voor brandstofcellen in bedrijfsvoertuigen
 
Author(s):
Bos, A.J.M.; Bosch, A. van den
 
Published by: Publication date:
ECN Policy Studies 1-2-1999
 
ECN report number: Document type:
ECN-C--98-084 ECN publication
 
Number of pages: Full text:
62 Download PDF  

Abstract:
Diesel vehicles contribute significantly to airborne emissions. Vehicleson fuel cells produce no emissions while driving and few emissions occur during the production of hydrogen and during refuelling. Therefore, fuel cell vehicles can contribute to the reduction of environmental impacts due the transport of people and goods. This study discusses the possible contribution of fuel cell vehicles in reducing the environmental impacts from freight transport by trucks or vans and passenger transport by buses. This contribution depends on developments regarding fuel cell vehicles and those of alternative technologies. Alternative technologies considered are improved diesel vehicles, hybrid vehicles and vehicles using natural gas. The study consists of two parts. Part 1 is a qualitative description of the present and future transport policies. Part 2 is a quantitative analysis which is based on the costs of fuel cell systems and alternative technologies in order to achieve NOx emission reductions. Both parts of the study focus on the next 10 years. It is concluded that the next 10 years, NOx emission reduction can be achieved cheaper by improved diesel-vehicles and vehicles on LPG and CNG than by fuel cell vehicles. On the somewhat longer term, fuel cell trucks and buses are able to contribute to NOx emission reduction for costs comparable to those related to the reduction of NOx emission by improved diesel-vehicles. In order to compete with vehicles on LPG, a decrease of the hydrogen price by 50 % and a decrease of the fuel cell system costs for buses by 30 % are required during the next 10 years. However, through the introduction of fuel cell vehicles far lower NOx emissions and noise levels can be achieved than by the alternative technologies. Only by using hybrid trucks and buses, comparable emissions and noise reductions may be achieved. By the year 2010, the price of hybrid buses and fuel cell buses are expected to be more or less equal. The best chances for fuel cell systems in vehicles are present in the bus fleet. 23 refs.


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