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Title:
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Transfer of energy technologies to Central and Eastern European countries: potentials and economic profitability
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Author(s):
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Published by:
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Publication date:
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ECN
Policy Studies
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1-6-1997
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ECN report number:
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Document type:
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ECN-C--97-063
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ECN publication
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Number of pages:
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Full text:
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101
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Download PDF
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Abstract:
Two complementary approaches are followed, analysing the economicprofitable potentials for technology transfer from Western countries to
Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries: a micro-economic subsectoral
analysis of the potential of technology transfer for key technologies for the
Czech Republic and Slovakia and a national analysis of technology deficits
and potentials of technology transfer for Bulgaria. The micro-economic
analysis shows that the largest scope for technology transfer is foreseen for
heat and steam generation technologies in the industrial subsectors chemical,
foodstuff and paper and pulp, as e.g. boilers, industrial cogeneration and
small-sized engines. The most profitable heat generation technologies in the
chemical, foodstuff and paper and pulp industry are cogeneration
technologies. The chemical industry shows the lowest investment costs per
unit of energy saved, particularly for high capacity units. In the foodstuff
industry low capacity units have low investment costs per unit of energy
saved and a high economic potential. The national analysis shows that solids
could remain an attractive energy carrier in CEE-countries, as a consequence
of the low future prices of domestic and imported coal and low end-use
prices. Lifetime extension by retrofitting of existing technologies is on the
short term crucial to overcome capital scarcity. Cost effective new
technologies are hard coal as well as natural gas fired cogeneration
technologies. Investments in industrial cogeneration are generally more cost
effective than investments in the district heating sector. All cost effective
cogeneration technologies are robust under environmental restrictions or
improved investment climates. Overcapacity of electricity production delays
the introduction of new cogeneration technologies. On the longer term, the
prospects for new cogeneration technologies could increase significantly.
Increasing end-use prices will be a prerequisite for large investments in new
technologies in Central and Eastern European countries. Technology transfer
of abatement technologies can provide already on the short term large
benefits for donor and recipient parties, since high emission reduction
levels can be obtained at relatively low marginal reduction costs. 10 refs.
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