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Title:
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State of the art of mitigation & relation mitigation/adaptation
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Author(s):
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Published by:
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Publication date:
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ECN
Biomass, Coal and Environmental Research
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24-2-2009
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ECN report number:
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Document type:
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ECN-E--09-014
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ECN publication
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Number of pages:
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Full text:
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79
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Download PDF
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Abstract:
This study has the main purpose to make useful information available for the programming of the Knowledge for Climate (KfC) program. The emphasis has been laid on a broad overview of mitigation options and relations, complemented with more detailed information on new or less known options and insights. The mitigation option biomass gets special attention in this study. The production of biomass has many (positive and negative) relations with other elements of the KfC program like space use and adaptation. Recently a global discussion on biomass usage for bio fuels has started (food or fuel). Therefore a separate chapter will be dedicated to the sustainability aspects of biomass.
An overview of technical mitigation measures with emphasis on the energy supply side is presented. This overview shows the large number of available and innovative options and the vast potential for reduction of the emissions of GreenHouse Gases (GHG) of these mitigation measures. The effectiveness of many mitigation options is strongly dependent on local conditions and implementation issues. A number of innovative mitigation measures such as aquatic biomass and biomass in combination with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) are described in more detail.
Biomass for energy has many different forms and applications. It is one of the mitigation options with a high potential, but at the same time it can have negative environmental impacts and might compete with other forms of land use including food production. This makes bio-energy a promising but complex option, which makes careful evaluation necessary.
Several examples of multifunctional land use show that by combining functions, synergy can be achieved. This could lead to a reduction of potentially negative impacts and thus easier implementation. Furthermore, novel technologies for reducing or offsetting climate change such as air capture and artifical cooling might have a high potential as mitigation option, but need to be examined before implementation could start.
The relations between mitigation and adaptation are complex. Adaptation measures can interfere with mitigation measures, but also beneficial combinations can be formed. Some mitigation options are directly influenced by climate change.
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