|
Title:
|
|
Electrical and Control Aspects of Offshore Wind Farms II (Erao II). Volume 2: Offshore wind farm case studies
|
|
|
|
Author(s):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Published by:
|
Publication date:
|
|
ECN
Wind Energy
|
1-6-2004
|
|
|
|
ECN report number:
|
Document type:
|
|
ECN-C--04-051
|
ECN publication
|
|
|
|
Number of pages:
|
Full text:
|
|
132
|
Download PDF
|
Abstract:
In The Netherlands offshore wind power is on the brink of implementation.
Specific plans exist for two offshore wind farms of about 100 MW, located
12 and 25 km from the coast of the province of North Holland. The effects
of the incorporation of 6000 MW offshore wind power in the Dutch high
voltage grid are currently investigated. Only the steady state behaviour
has been considered, resulting in suggestions for grid reinforcement.
This investigation needs to be complemented by a study on the dynamic
interaction of wind power and grid. Tools for this investigation, viz.
dynamic models of wind farms including all relevant electrical components,
have been developed in the Erao-2 project. This report describes the
wind farm dynamic models (Volume 1) and emonstrates their use in a number
of case studies (Volume 2). Special concern exists about wind farm behaviour
during extreme wind speed changes and abnormal grid conditions (voltage
and frequency dips); these may cause complete wind farms to shut down
instantaneously. Assisting grid voltage and frequency control is also
an issue. In the case studies the models have be used to compare four
types of wind farms: (1) constant speed stall with directly coupled
induction generators and (2) with cluster control, (3) variable speed
with double fed induction generator and (4) with permanent magnet generator.
The case studies compare normal dynamic behaviour, flicker contribution,
responses to grid faults and wind farm control has been developed to
support the grid frequency and voltage.
Back to List