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ECN publication
Title:
Substitutie van elektriciteit bij wasmachines en drogers: energetische en kostentechnische beschouwing
 
Author(s):
Menkveld, M.; Beeldman, M.
 
Published by: Publication date:
ECN Policy Studies 1997
 
ECN report number: Document type:
ECN-I--97-041 ECN publication
 
Number of pages: Full text:
32 Download PDF  

Abstract:
Some possibilities for the substitution of electricity for washingmachines and dryers by other energy carriers, e.g. heat and natural gas, are described. The following machines have been compared with their conventional competitor: (1) Washing machine: A. connected to hot water supply system, or B. connected to central heating system; (2) Dryer: A. condensing dryer, connected to central heating system, B. dryer with air deduction, connected to central heating system, and C. gas fired dryer. The machines connected to the hot water system as well as the ones connected to the central heating system can use heat supplied by a high efficiency boiler or can use heat from a heat distribution grid. The different machines have been compared for their primary energy use, the emissions, the costs for the customer and the costs for the distribution company. With respect to energy savings the calculations show possible savings of 20-70%. For the washing machine it is concluded that the one connected to the central heating system saves more than the one connected to the hot water system. The payback period for the customers varies between 5 and 13 years. This period is shorter than the estimated lifetime of 15 years but it does not provide a strong stimulus to buy these machines. The payback period diminishes with an increase of the frequency of use. For the distribution company the substitution of electricity by natural gas or heat means less revenues. The costs for machines fed by heat distribution vary between 35-50 Dutch guilders per ton CO2. The machines fed by heat from a high efficiency boiler in houses connected to the gas grid cost about 150-175 Dutch guilders per ton CO2. 2 figs., 12 tabs., 10 refs., 2 appendices


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