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Title:
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Milieugerichte levenscyclusanalyses in energie-gerelateerde onderzoeksplanning: hoofdrapport van vier case-studies toegespitst openergieconversiesystemen
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Author(s):
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Published by:
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Publication date:
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ECN
Policy Studies
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1996
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ECN report number:
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Document type:
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ECN-C--95-048
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ECN publication
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Number of pages:
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Full text:
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54
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Download PDF
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Abstract:
The aim of this investigation was (1) to make operational the pursuit ofsustainability at ECN and (2) to determine the practicality of chain
analysis. Also the most important limitations of the life cycle analysis
(LCA) methodology, the shortcomings of the life cycle assessments, and the
comparability of energy conversion systems are outlined. The case studies
pertain to cycle assessments of several energy technologies like ER-CFC
(External Reforming Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell), wind turbines, STAG (STeam
And Gas turbine), and lCGCC (Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle). In
particular, attention has been paid to the evaluation of improvement options
like process improvement (ER-MCFC), upscaling (wind turbines) and carbon
dioxide removal (STAG/ICGCC). The LCA methodology which has been developed
and described by the Centre for Environmental Science at the University of
Leiden (CML), is used in all these cases. The software package SimPro 2.1 is
used for tooling and interpretation of the environmental profile. In general,
the most useful application of LCA can be seen as an auxiliary tool or
environmental friendly design or redesign. In addition, the LCA methodology
can only be a valuable tool, if consensus is attained with respect to the
database and the normalization of effect scores or classification as well as
evaluation. At the moment, using the LCA methodology has afforded mainly an
impression of the relative contribution to the total environmental pollution
of a product by stage of life. Further development of the current LCA
methodology by combination with risk analysis and/or LP (Linear Programming)
optimalisation models can solve the principal restrictions of LCA. For
example, a risk analysis provides insight into incidental emissions and an LP
optimization model provides a dynamic picture of the reference situation as
well as the interactions with other technologies. 8 figs., 2 tabs., 28 refs.
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